The Boy in the Striped Pajamas
The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas is a 2004 novel from
the point of view of a young boy, written by Irish novelist John Boyne. Unlike
the months of planning Boyne devoted to his other books, he said that he wrote
the entire first draft of The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas in two and a half
days, barely sleeping until he got to the end. As of March 2010, the novel had
sold more than five million copies around the world. It was published as The Boy in the Striped
Pajamas in the United States to go along with the traditional American spelling
of the word. In both 2007 and 2008, it was the best selling book of the year in
Spain. It has also reached number two on the New York Times bestseller list, as
well as in the UK, Ireland, and Australia.
Summary
Bruno is a 9-year-old boy growing up during World
War II in Berlin.[3] He lives in a huge house with his loving parents, his twelve-year-old
sister Gretel (whom he refers to as a Hopeless Case), and maidservants. His
father is a high-ranking SS officer who, after a visit from Adolf Hitler
(referred to in the novel as "The Fury", Bruno's misrecognition of
the word "Führer") and Eva Braun, is promoted to Commandant, and to
Bruno's dismay, the family has to move away to a place called
"Out-With" (which turns out to be Auschwitz Concentration Camp)
When Bruno gets there, he feels a surge of
homesickness after leaving behind his grandparents and his three best friends.
Unhappy with his new home, Bruno becomes lonely and has no one to talk to or
play with. One day, Bruno notices a group of people all wearing the same
striped pyjamas and striped hats or bald heads. He asks who these people are
and his father tells him that these people are not real people at all, as they
are Jews. Gretel has changed from a normal young girl into a strong Nazi
supporter with the help of her tutor (Herr Liszt), but Bruno does not seem to
take the same stance as his sister. At one point, she seems unsure what to tell
him when he asks her about the Jews.
Bruno finds out he is not allowed to explore the
back of the house or its surroundings. Due to curiosity and boredom, he decides
to explore anyway. He spots a boy on the other side of the fence. Excited that
there might be a boy his age, Bruno introduces himself and finds out the Jewish
boy's name is Shmuel. Shmuel and his family were brought here, broken apart
from each other and forced to work in Auschwitz. Almost every day, the two boys
meet at the same spot. Soon, they become best friends, so similar, they are
basically the same person in different circumstances, one a Polish Jew, the
other a German. Over the course of the book, Bruno shows a great deal of naïvety
whilst Shmuel seems to have more knowledge, as he has felt the suffering
first-hand.
Bruno's mother persuades his father to take them
back to Berlin, after what is presumed to be a romance between a young soldier
called Lieutenant Kotler and Bruno's Sister (Gretel does try to impress him and
act romantically, though the action is but only harmless flirting that is
broken up by the father) after a year at their new home, while the father stays
at Auschwitz. With Bruno about to go back to Berlin with his mother and sister,
as a final adventure, he agrees to dress in a set of striped pyjamas and cap to
go under the fence to help Shmuel find his father, who went missing in the
camp. The boys are unable to find him, and they are mixed up in a group of people
going on a march. Neither boy knows where this march will lead. However, they
are soon crowded into a gas chamber, which Bruno assumes is a place to keep
them dry from the rain until it stops. The author leaves the story with Bruno
pondering, yet unafraid, in the dark holding hands with Shmuel:
"...Despite the chaos that followed, Bruno found that he was still holding
Shmuel's hand in his own and nothing in the world would have ever persuaded him
to let it go."
In an epilogue, the book states that Bruno's family
spent several months at their home trying to find Bruno, before his mother and
Gretel return to Berlin, only to discover he is not there as they had expected.
It says that Gretel deeply misses Bruno. A year afterwards, his father returns
to the spot that the soldiers found Bruno's clothes (almost the same spot Bruno
spent the last year of his life) and, after a brief inspection, discovers that
the fence is not properly attached at the base and can form a gap big enough
for a boy of Bruno's size to fit through. Using this information, his father
eventually pieces together that they gassed Bruno to death. Bruno's father then
realizes what he was really doing and thinks about his job as Commandant.
Losing Bruno makes him greatly depressed, and he stops caring about his job.
Several months later, the Red Army arrives to liberate the camp and orders
Bruno's father to go with them. He goes without complaint, because "he
didn't really mind what they did to him anymore".
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